FNP practice questions and answers 2026. Tap an option to test yourself — you'll see the correct answer and a plain-English explanation for every question. Free, no login.
Q21The patient has reached a final decision to screen for lung cancer.<br/><br/>What next step should the nurse take?
✓ Correct answer: B. Make sure the patient is fully informed and clear about his decision
The correct answer is D) Make sure the patient is fully informed and clear about his decision.<br/><br/>The last step in shared decision making is assessing how comfortable a patient is in his or her decision. This involves ensuring the patient is fully informed, explicitly understands his or her values, and feels sure the nurse will support his or her decision.
Q22Mara, a G1P0 female at 30 weeks gestation, presented with a blood pressure reading of 180/130 mm Hg during a physical examination. Further laboratory tests conducted revealed proteinuria of more than 5 grams in a 24-hour collection. Based on her medical history, Mara was diagnosed with pre-eclampsia. To prevent convulsions, the NP prescribed the administration of magnesium sulfate IV. <br/><br/>The NP in charge wants to make sure that which of the following medications is readily accessible as an antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity?
✓ Correct answer: C. Calcium gluconate
The correct answer is B) Calcium gluconate.<br/><br/>Magnesium sulfate is used to prevent convulsions in patients with pre-eclampsia, but it can have toxic effects if given in excessive amounts. Therefore, it is important for healthcare providers to have an accessible antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity.<br/><br/>Option A) Naloxone is used as an opioid antagonist to reverse the effects of opioid overdose. It is not the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity.<br/><br/>Option C) Protamine sulfate is used as an antidote for heparin overdose. It is not the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity.<br/><br/>Option D) Acetylcysteine is used as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose. It is not the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity.<br/><br/>In the context of this question, the correct antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity is calcium gluconate. Calcium gluconate can be given intravenously to counteract the effects of magnesium sulfate and prevent further complications. It is readily accessible and commonly used in clinical settings for this purpose.
Q23A 5-year-old male is diagnosed with group A streptococcus (GAS) pharyngitis and is prescribed amoxicillin; his mother expresses concern regarding his sister, who is ten months old. She asks, “How will I know if she has it?“.<br/><br/>How do you respond?
✓ Correct answer: C. “Observe your daughter for fussiness, poor-feeding, and a fever.”
The correct answer is B) “Observe your daughter for fussiness, poor-feeding, and a fever.”.<br/><br/>GAS infections present with non-specific signs such as fussiness, poor feeding, and fever in children less than one year of age.<br/><br/><strong>Choice A is incorrect. </strong>Empiric therapy for asymptomatic persons on the basis of exposure is not advised due to potential side effects and resistance concerns with antibiotic therapy.<br/><br/><strong>Choice C is incorrect. </strong>Symptom presentation of GAS infections in infants is NOT similar to the presentation in older children; symptoms in infants are non-specific and include fussiness, poor feeding, and fever.<br/><br/><strong>Choice D is incorrect. </strong>Vomiting and diarrhea are not typical symptoms of GAS infections in infants.
Q24You are seeing a 3-year-old female patient for a routine visit. The patient was recently diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. His mother states, “I still don’t really understand how he got it, did it have something to do with me?”. How do you explain the origins of this diagnosis to the patient’s mother?
✓ Correct answer: C. Cystic fibrosis is genetic. You and the child’s father are both carriers of the mutated gene that causes cystic fibrosis; your child would not otherwise have cystic fibrosis.
The correct answer is D) Cystic fibrosis is genetic. You and the child’s father are both carriers of the mutated gene that causes cystic fibrosis; your child would not otherwise have cystic fibrosis.<br/><br/> To have active cystic fibrosis, a person must inherit copies of the mutated CFTR gene from both parents.<br/><br/><strong>Choice A is incorrect. </strong>Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations of the CFTR gene; the child must inherit two copies of the mutated CFTR genes to manifest the disease. This is an example of a recessive disease.<br/><br/><strong>Choice B is incorrect. </strong>Cystic fibrosis is not caused by any in-utero factors; it is a genetic disease.<br/><br/><strong>Choice C is incorrect.</strong> Cystic fibrosis is a recessive disease. This means that to have a child with cystic fibrosis, both parents must either: 1) carry a copy of the mutated CFTR gene (25% chance of the child having cystic fibrosis or 2.) one parent must have cystic fibrosis and the other must be a carrier of the mutated CFTR gene.
Q25All of the following are symptoms that are consistent with Fifth disease EXCEPT:
✓ Correct answer: C. Strawberry tongue
The correct answer is C) Strawberry tongue.<br/><br/>Strawberry tongue is a symptom that is not consistent with Fifth’s disease which is a generally mild illness with few or no symptoms and a characteristic rash. Fifth disease is characterized by a bright red confluent rash which starts on the face. Symptoms may include a mild fever, headache, sore throat, and coryza. Strawberry tongue is associated with scarlet fever and Kawasaki Syndrome not Fifth’s disease.
Q26You have a female patient who has a fibroid that is located in the uterine endometrium.<br/><br/>You understand that is known as which of the following?
✓ Correct answer: A. Submucosal fibroid
The correct answer is C) Submucosal fibroid.<br/><br/>Fibroids are described based on their location. They are classified as either subserous, intramural, or submucosal. A fibroid that is located in the uterine endometrium is a submucosal fibroid.<br/><br/>This type of fibroid is usually palpable only as an enlarged uterus.
Q27Your 78-year-old patient is experiencing worsening kidney function, evidenced by increased levels of serum Creatinine and decreased urine output.<br/><br/>Which symptom of liver failure does this seem to be indicative of?
✓ Correct answer: A. Hepatorenal syndrome
The correct answer is D) Hepatorenal syndrome.<br/><br/>Hepatorenal syndrome is a condition that occurs as a result of liver failure and is characterized by worsening kidney function. In this case, the patient's increased levels of serum Creatinine and decreased urine output suggest kidney dysfunction, which is a common symptom of hepatorenal syndrome. This condition occurs when the liver is not able to properly filter toxins from the blood, leading to impaired kidney function.<br/><br/>Option A) Varices is an incorrect answer. Varices refers to the enlargement of blood vessels, typically in the esophagus or stomach, that can occur as a result of liver cirrhosis. While liver failure can contribute to the development of varices, it does not directly cause worsening kidney function.<br/><br/>Option B) Hepatic encephalopathy is also an incorrect answer. Hepatic encephalopathy is a condition that occurs as a result of liver failure and is characterized by impaired brain function. Symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy can include confusion, personality changes, and difficulty with coordination. While liver failure can lead to various complications, such as hepatic encephalopathy, it does not directly cause worsening kidney function.<br/><br/>Option C) Jaundice is another incorrect answer. Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin and eyes that occurs as a result of liver dysfunction. It is caused by a buildup of bilirubin, a yellow pigment, in the body. While jaundice can indicate liver failure, it does not directly cause worsening kidney function.<br/><br/>In summary, the correct answer to the question is D) Hepatorenal syndrome. This condition is characterized by worsening kidney function, evidenced by increased levels of serum Creatinine and decreased urine output. The incorrect answers (A) Varices, (B) Hepatic encephalopathy, and (C) Jaundice are all symptoms or complications of liver failure, but they do not specifically indicate worsening kidney function.
Q28Your 69-year-old male patient complains of muscle weakness and myalgias. He is currently taking atorvastatin.<br/><br/>What adverse effect may he be experiencing?
✓ Correct answer: C. Rhabdomyolysis
The correct answer is C) Rhabdomyolysis.<br/><br/> Atorvastatin is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, also known as a statin. This class of medications carries a boxed warning regarding the risk for rhabdomyolysis. In this condition, muscle necrosis and the release of intracellular contents from muscle cells into the circulatory system may cause muscle weakness, myalgias, and dark urine. A markedly elevated serum creatine kinase level is a hallmark of rhabdomyolysis. Treatment with intravenous fluids reduces the likelihood of kidney injury.<strong> </strong><br/><br/><strong>Choice A is incorrect. </strong>Thrombocytosis is not a known adverse effect of statins and is often asymptomatic, although it may cause pain if thrombosis is present. However, thrombocytopenia is a potential adverse effect of these medications.<br/><br/><strong>Choice B is incorrect.</strong> Hypokalemia may cause muscle weakness, but it is not a known adverse effect of statins.<br/><br/><strong>Choice D is incorrect.</strong> Dermatomyositis may cause muscle weakness, but it is not a known adverse effect of statins.
Q29Which of the following would be a risk factor for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)?
✓ Correct answer: C. Diabetes
The correct answer is D) Diabetes.<br/><br/>Diabetes is a risk factor for CTS. Metabolic disorders such as diabetes, trauma to the wrist, arthritis, cancer, or thyroid disease are other risk factors.
Q30A machine that controls breathing and forces extra oxygen into the lungs is called what?
✓ Correct answer: C. Ventilator
The correct answer is A) Ventilator.<br/><br/>A ventilator can be used to regulate a patient's breathing. The machine takes over for the lungs and forces more oxygen into the body. A person on a ventilator usually needs to be sedated because of the unnatural feeling of a machine breathing for you.
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